LONDON
Egypt’s death sentences for 12 members of the Muslim Brotherhood, which were upheld last week by the country’s highest civil court, continue to draw outrage and a fierce backlash worldwide.
“The international community, most of whom rejects the death penalty on a point of principle, has a moral duty to stand up and denounce these sentences,” said Anas Altikriti, chairman of the Cordoba Foundation, a UK-based research, and advisory group.
Speaking to Anadolu Agency, Altikriti said: “These sentences defy the basic threshold needed to pass any sentence whatsoever, never mind a death sentence; never mind death sentences against 12 men en masse.”
He added: “Trials where defendants cannot testify, held in courts that have been corrupted by state hegemony do not have the legitimacy nor the legal competence to pass death sentences.”
On June 14, Egypt’s highest civilian court upheld the death sentences of 12 Muslim Brotherhood members, including senior leaders Mohamed al-Beltagy, Safwat Hegazy, Abdel-Rahman el-Bar, Osama Yassin (former Egyptian minister), and Ahmed Aref.
In August 2013, the army and police dispersed protests in Cairo by supporters of President Mohamed Morsi, who was deposed that July and in 2019 collapsed in a courtroom and died.
Altikriti explained: “These men were found guilty and sentenced for the case titled ‘Rab’a dispersal’ in which state security forces killed over 1,000 innocent peaceful protestors, including the children and relatives of those convicted.”
He added: “The fact that four out of the 12 convicted men were actually in prison when the Rab’a dispersal actually happened and for which they were found guilty proves this to be no more than a sham trial.”
Altikriti underlined that “the international community, most of whom rejects the death penalty on a point of principle, has a moral duty to stand up and denounce these sentences.”
UN ‘extremely concerned’Ravina Shmadasani, the spokeswoman for the UN Human Rights Office, told Anadolu Agency on Wednesday that human rights chief Michelle Bachelet is examining the current executions but as far back as September 2018 spoke out against the Egyptian executions.
At that time, she said she was “extremely concerned” that an Egyptian court’s confirmation of 75 death sentences did not result from a fair trial.
She said those sentences if carried out, would therefore amount to “a gross and irreversible miscarriage of justice."
She also pointed to the stark contrast between Egypt’s mass trials and a recent law that effectively grants members of the security forces complete immunity for crimes they may have committed.
‘Stain on Egypt’s judicial system’Philip Luther, Amnesty International’s research and advocacy director for the Middle East and North Africa, decried the Egyptian court upholding the death sentences, saying they shamed the country.
“These ruthless death sentences, which were handed down in 2018 after a grossly unfair mass trial, are a stain on the reputation of Egypt’s highest appeals court and cast a dark shadow over the country’s entire justice system,” Luther said on the day of the court ruling.
So far this year Egypt has executed at least 51 men and women, according to Luther, making the country the “world’s third-most frequent executioner.”
Luther also said: “The death penalty is the ultimate cruel, inhuman and degrading punishment. Instead of continuing to escalate their use of the death penalty by upholding death sentences following convictions in grossly unfair mass trials, Egyptian authorities must immediately establish an official moratorium on executions.”
“Those protesters convicted of committing violent crimes should be retried in fair and impartial trials without recourse to the death penalty.”
According to Egypt’s official National Council for Human Rights, when security forces violently dispersed the pro-Morsi protests in Rabaa al-Adawiya and Giza's al-Nahda squares, 632 people were killed, including eight police officers.
International human rights groups, however, say the number of deaths was much higher.
Stop ‘execution frenzy’Earlier this week, Human Rights Watch also called on Egyptian authorities to stop the country’s “execution frenzy.”
“Egypt cannot afford more executions,” wrote Amr Magdi, a researcher on the Middle East and North Africa at Human Rights Watch.
*Peter Kenny contributed to this report from Geneva.
