ISTANBUL

Scientists say moss can survive prolonged exposure to the vacuum of space, raising new possibilities for growing plants beyond Earth.

For nine months in 2022, spores of the moss Physcomitrium patens were attached to the exterior of the International Space Station, fully exposed to harsh conditions including radiation, extreme temperatures, and the vacuum of space.

When the moss was returned to Earth, researchers found that more than 80% of the spores remained viable and could still reproduce, according to a study published Thursday in the journal iScience.

“The spores retained their vitality after nine months in open space,” the study said. Researchers suggest that protective structures around the spores, called sporangia, may shield them from ultraviolet radiation, heat, and intense light.

The findings highlight the resilience of bryophytes, a group of plants that includes mosses, and point to potential applications in space exploration, including planetary greening and life support systems.

“Understanding life’s survival limits is important for addressing global challenges and supporting future human habitation beyond Earth,” the study said.