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Despite support by the US and Germany for Israel's ongoing war on the Gaza Strip, the global opposition to the Israeli massacre in the blockaded enclave is getting harsher.
Israel has so far killed more than 13,300 Palestinians, mostly children and women, as it continues its relentless attacks on the Gaza Strip. Around 6,000 people are unaccounted for, with more than 4,000 of them women and children. They are either buried under the rubble of demolished buildings or their bodies are lying on the streets without being identified.
Israel has forced around 400,000 civilians to migrate from northern Gaza to the south since it started pressure and violent attacks after the Oct. 7 Hamas assault on the Israeli territory.
Israel's indiscriminate bombing of hospitals, schools, mosques, churches, ambulances, and refugee camps lays bare the urgent need for a permanent cease-fire.
The attacks launched by the Israeli administration of Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu under the pretext of fighting terrorism were interpreted as the right to self-defense for weeks in the US and European countries, where Tel Aviv garnered huge support and courage.
However, the tone of voice of the Western administrations changed as Israel's attacks reached a level of massacre and collected increasing opposition from public.
Western countries such as the US, Germany and the UK, voicing unwavering support to Israel, are trying to protect Israel from external pressures by rejecting calls for a cease-fire.
While Britain, with its veto power, blocks the UN Security Council and prevents it from taking actions effectively, EU countries that support Israel, especially Germany, prevent the bloc from calling for a cease-fire at the institutional level.
On the other hand, opposition from around the world to Israel's massacres in the Gaza Strip continues to grow.
Anadolu compiled the stance of Western and non-Western countries regarding Israel's ongoing attacks on Gaza.
With unwavering support for Israel, US breaks pressure for cease-fire
As the Israeli administration enjoys "unlimited" support by the US in its war on Gaza, Washington still refuses to clearly call for a "cease-fire" in the strip despite thousands of civilian casualties.
The draft resolution, which was vetoed after submitted by the US to the UN Security Council on Oct. 25, said "the terrorist attacks carried out by Hamas on Oct. 7 are strongly condemned" and that countries have the right to self-defense.
It also highlighted the need for a "humanitarian pause in hostilities" instead of a cease-fire, and said sustainable aid should be provided to Gaza.
On the other hand, the draft resolution submitted by Russia to the UN Security Council on Oct. 16 and 25 regarding the immediate declaration of a "humanitarian cease-fire" in Gaza was vetoed by the US.
Defending Israel's "right to self-defense," US President Joe Biden said: "We are ready to provide all support to the Israeli government and people."
Pentagon spokesperson Sabrina Singh said on Oct. 18 that they gave Israel "the security systems it needs to neutralize and effectively push back Hamas."
Responding to a question during his speech on investments at the White House on Oct. 24, Biden announced that they could discuss a cease-fire only "after all the hostages held by Hamas are released."
During his visit to Israel's capital Tel Aviv, US Secretary of State Antony Blinken said: "These are difficult days, but we're here, as we've been, as we remain, in solidarity with Israel. We stand strongly for the proposition that Israel has not only the right but the obligation to defend itself and to do everything possible to make sure that this October 7th can never happen again."
In his remarks in Jordan's capital Amman on Nov. 4, Blinken said: "It's our view that a cease-fire now would simply leave Hamas in place, able to regroup and repeat what it did on Oct. 7," he said.
The US administration has reiterated that it "does not set any limits" on Israel's military actions in Gaza.
"We are not setting red lines for Israel. We continue to support their security needs, and this will continue," White House National Security Council Strategic Communications Coordinator John Kirby said on Oct. 27, when the number of civilians killed by Israel reached 7,326.
Only after the Palestinian death toll topped 11,000, the US administration changed its tone and began to give veiled messages that could hardly be called a warning to Israel.
Germany becomes biggest supporter of Israel with historical burden
Germany, under the historical burden of committing genocide against the Jews in World War II, has steadily voiced its unconditional support to Israel since the country’s establishment.
Germany, Europe's greatest power, resolutely opposed calls for a cease-fire in Gaza.
On Nov. 12, German Chancellor Olaf Scholz completely ignored the situation of civilians in the face of calls for a cease-fire from the Arab and Islamic world. Scholz said: "I do not think it is right to demand an immediate cease-fire or a long pause (in Gaza) because that means Israel allow Hamas to recover."
German Foreign Minister Annalena Baerbock also supported Israel, saying: "For Germany, Israel's security is non-negotiable. Addressing the plight of the Palestinians does not in any way contradict this clear and unshakable stance." With this statement, she showed that nothing humane should be expected from her country.
Britain did not change its support for Israel
For the situation after Oct. 7, the British government quickly decided to deploy two Royal Navy ships and maritime patrol and surveillance aircraft in the Eastern Mediterranean to support Israel.
British Prime Minister Rishi Sunak, who visited Israel on Oct. 19, ignored the indiscriminate killing of thousands of Gazans in Israeli bombardments when he told the Tel Aviv administration, "We want you to win."
On Nov. 10, the spokesperson for British Prime Ministry reiterated that they did not support calls for a cease-fire in Gaza and claimed that they did not want a possible cease-fire to benefit Hamas in the current situation.
Britain succeeded in this by working hard with the US to prevent the UN Security Council from taking a cease-fire decision.
The British government has taken its support for Israel so far as to seek to suppress the voices growing among people against the massacre in Gaza. Suella Braverman, the former British home secretary who was replaced by James Cleverly last week, described the demonstrations in support of Palestine held in London as "hate marches." Braverman, who intended to ban the demonstrations, was dismissed from her post on Nov. 13 as the reactions in the country increased.
EU has not yet called for cease-fire
The EU has still not called for a cease-fire in the face of Israel's attacks on Gaza.
EU Commission President Ursula von der Leyen's unconditional support for Netanyahu during her visit to Israel on Oct. 14, her failure to mention the situation in Gaza, and her lack of calls to avoid civilian casualties drew rebuff within the EU.
During the demonstrations in support of Palestine held one after another in European capitals on the same days, the EU's attitude began to be harshly criticized.
EU Council President Charles Michel said the tragic scenes that emerged in Gaza due to the Israeli siege and failure to meet basic needs and the devastation caused by serious bombardment raise alarm bells in the international community. He added that the extraordinary EU summit coincided with an Israeli hospital attack on Oct. 17, which killed 500 people.
Even after this incident, the leaders of the EU institutions did not mention that Israel had violated international law and committed war crimes.
At the regular EU leaders' summit held in Brussels on Oct. 26-27, following the negotiations, a call was made to deliver humanitarian aid only through "humanitarian corridors and breaks in conflicts."
The draft resolution calling for a cease-fire in Gaza, which was voted in the UN General Assembly on the night the summit ended, was supported by only eight countries out of 27 EU member countries: Belgium, Ireland, France, Luxembourg, Malta, Portugal, Slovenia, and Spain.
"The EU joins calls for immediate pauses in hostilities and the establishment of humanitarian corridors, including through increased capacity at border crossings and through a dedicated maritime route, so that humanitarian aid can safely reach the population of Gaza," EU foreign policy chief Josep Borrell said on Nov. 12.
War crimes, recognition of State of Palestine in Belgium's agenda
In its statements after the Oct. 7 Hamas attack and subsequent Israeli assault, Belgium criticized Hamas and voiced support for Israel.
On Oct. 26, Belgian Prime Minister Alexander De Croo said that Israel has the right to defend itself if Hamas continues its attacks. "However, this can never be an excuse to cut off the needs necessary for people's survival. The blockade of Gaza is unacceptable and the blockade must end," he also said.
On Israel's attacks on the Gaza refugee camps on Nov. 7, De Croo said: "What we are witnessing is no longer a proportionate response."
Caroline Gennez, minister of development cooperation and of major cities, also demanded that the International Criminal Court (ICC) open an investigation into war crimes committed by Israel in Gaza. Gennez said that Belgium is considering recognizing the State of Palestine and that many EU member states and even large countries, including Spain, think like Belgium.
When asked to watch the "video about Hamas' attacks" sent by Israel on Nov. 15, Eliane Tillieux, speaker of the House of Representatives of the Belgian parliament, turned it down by saying: "Then it is necessary to show the massacres in Gaza as well."
France with ups and downs
"We unconditionally support Israel's right to defend itself," said French President Emmanuel Macron in his first reaction to the Oct. 7 attacks.
While top US officials traveled to Israel after the attacks started, Macron announced that he was not planning a visit "without concrete steps towards reconciliation."
Four days after Macron's contacts in Israel, France was among the few Western countries that said "yes" to the bill voted in the UN Security Council to ensure an emergency humanitarian cease-fire in Gaza.
Macron met with Netanyahu as part of his "solidarity visit with Israel" on Oct. 24 and said in a joint news conference: "France is ready to ensure that the international coalition against Daesh (ISIS), in which we are a part of our operations in Iraq and Syria, can also fight against Hamas."
After Macron's remarks, which came as a surprise globally, the Elysee Palace made a correction and claimed that Macron meant to be inspired by the experiences of the coalition.
The French leader hosted an international Gaza aid conference in Paris on Nov. 9 and gave a message trying to show that he also thought about the situation of Palestinians. At the conference, about a month after Oct. 7, he uttered "cease-fire" for the first time, albeit in a weak voice.
Using a harsh tone towards Israel in his interview with the BBC on Nov. 11, Macron said: "Babies, women and elderly people are being bombed and killed. There is no justification or legitimacy for this. That's why we call on Israel to stop." He also asked the UK and the US to call for a cease-fire.
Unable to withstand the reactions from Israeli and Zionist circles after the interview, Macron called Israeli President Isaac Herzog and explained himself. According to the Israeli side, Macron said that he had no intention of blaming Israel and that he unconditionally supported the right to self-defense.
Norway is closer to recognizing State of Palestine
The Norwegian government underlined Israel's right to defend itself in the first days of the Oct. 7 attack.
However, its attitude changed when Israel started killing thousands of Palestinians.
Norwegian Prime Minister Jonas Gahr Store emphasized that Israel's response to the Hamas attack was "disproportionate" according to international law.
The government presented a proposal in parliament regarding "readiness" to recognize an independent Palestinian state. In the proposal, it said that the government called for "the unconditional recognition of an independent Palestinian state, considering its positive impact on the peace process, not subject to any final peace agreement."
Ireland, Spain differ in stance among EU countries
The EU Commission decided to freeze development aid to the Palestinians two days after the Oct. 7 attack. However, Luxembourg, Spain and Ireland opposed the decision as it was taken without consulting them.
On Nov. 18, the Irish government demanded that those responsible for the Israeli attack on the Al-Ahli Baptist Hospital in Gaza be held accountable and emphasized the need for an immediate cease-fire.
Ireland subsequently maintained its traditional interest and humanitarian awareness of the Palestinian cause. Irish President Michael Higgins stressed that Israel violated international law with the blockade of Gaza. Likewise, Irish Prime Minister Leo Varadkar pointed out that the Israeli-Palestinian conflict did not start with the attacks on Oct. 7 and drew attention to the Palestinians' right to establish a state. The Irish government also gave consistent reactions to Israel's attacks on refugee camps.
In Spain, the Socialist Workers' Party leader and current Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez said that the priority of the newly formed minority leftist coalition government will be to work to recognize the Palestinian state.
On the other hand, four of the 14 countries that voted "no" to the draft resolution calling for a cease-fire in Gaza at the UN General Assembly were EU members Austria, Hungary, Czech Republic, and Croatia. Eight EU members said "yes" to the call and 15 member states abstained.
Türkiye offers to be guarantor of Palestinian side for permanent peace
Türkiye has maintained its critical stance regarding both Israel's policy towards Palestine and the situation in Gaza after the Oct. 7 attack.
While Türkiye condemned the killing of civilians, regardless of its party or perpetrator, it brought to the agenda the proposal to establish a permanent solution to the Israel-Palestine issue and to establish a guarantor mechanism to preserve this possible solution.
In the guarantor mechanism, Türkiye submitted to international consultation a formula to make the peace permanent and prevent it from being disrupted through the guarantor countries.
After the UN Security Council became ineffective due to the veto powers of the US, UK and sometimes France, which protected Israel, Türkiye was one of the countries that contributed the most to bringing the issue to the agenda of the UN General Assembly.
While Türkiye took intense diplomatic initiatives with the Organization of Islamic Cooperation and regional countries, it also issued harsh warnings to Western actors about their unconditional support for Israel.
"I am speaking openly because we don't owe anything to Israel. If we owed, we could not speak so openly. But those who owe to Israel cannot speak openly. We didn't go through something like Holocaust because we respect human rights very much," President Recep Tayyip Erdogan said at a joint news conference with German Prime Minister Olaf Scholz, who is known for his unconditional support for Israel.
Reactions from Arab and Islamic countries
In the face of Israel's attacks that devastated Gaza, many regional countries, especially Egypt, Jordan, Qatar and Saudi Arabia, carried out diplomatic initiatives.
The perception of Israel's intention to forcibly displace the Palestinian population and emigrate millions of people to neighboring countries caused Egypt and Jordan, in particular, to voice their reactions at high pitches.
Both countries said that this issue was their "red line."
In addition to its disapproval of Israeli attacks on Gaza, Qatar also played an active role in the negotiations for the release of captives.
At the extraordinary meeting of foreign ministers in Jeddah on Oct. 18, Islamic countries emphasized that the Palestine issue is important for the entire Islamic world.
"In particular, we support the inalienable rights of the Palestinian people, such as self-determination, the return of Palestinian refugees, the right to independence, the concretization of an independent and sovereign State of Palestine, with Jerusalem as its capital and based on the 1967 borders, as well as Palestine's self-defense against Israeli aggression," the statement said.
On Nov. 11, at the joint summit of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation and the Arab League, it was stated that Israel and no other regional country could achieve security and peace unless the Palestinian people are guaranteed security and peace and regained all their usurped rights, and that the continuation of Israel's occupation would affect regional security.
At the summit, illegal Jewish settlers, who also committed armed violence against Palestinians, were described as "terrorists" and the US and the West were asked to cut off their unconditional support to Israel, which cost thousands of lives.
Reactions to Israel growing in Latin America
In Latin America, Colombian President Gustavo Petro decided to "suspend ties with Israel" following Israel's decision to stop exporting security materials to Colombia on Oct. 16. On Oct. 19, Petro said Israel's barbarism against the Palestinian people far exceeds Hamas's barbarism against the Israeli civilians.
Petro also announced that they will contribute to Algerian President Abdelmadjid Tebboune's call to file a lawsuit against Israel at the International Criminal Court.
On Nov. 7, Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro lambasted Israel's ongoing attacks in Gaza and said humanity must now stand up and say "stop" to Israel's genocide against the Palestinian people.
On Oct. 26, Brazilian President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva said the problem is that "it is no longer a war, it is a genocide" since thousands of children who had nothing to do with the war were killed. "I really do not understand. The result will lead to the death of children and innocents. I don't know how a person can endure a war that will start."
Bolivia also cut off diplomatic relations with Israel, while the Central American country Honduras withdrew its ambassador from Israel.
*Writing by Gozde Bayar
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