KARACHI, Pakistan

Nearly 90% of South Asia’s population will be at risk of extreme heat and almost one-quarter at risk of severe flooding by 2030, a new World Bank study warned on Monday.

The report, titled “From Risk to Resilience: Helping People and Firms Adapt in South Asia,” based on case studies from Bangladesh, India and Pakistan, said South Asia is one of the world’s most climate-vulnerable regions due to its dense population, rising temperatures and exposed geography.

The study said the region is expected to face “more frequent and more severe weather” shocks over the coming decade.

By 2030, 1.8 billion people -- 89% of the population -- are projected to be exposed to extreme heat, while 462 million people may face severe flooding.

The report called for stronger early warning systems, targeted programs to assist vulnerable households, and policies to help people adapt to the growing risks.

While most households in coastal and riverine areas have access to cyclone warnings, fewer than half receive alerts for floods or other hazards, it noted.

The findings also showed that well-targeted social assistance programs, supported by updated information, can be rapidly scaled up during climate shocks to protect poor and vulnerable communities.

But the report cautioned that governments’ fiscal limitations mean private-sector adaptation, backed by a comprehensive policy framework, will also be critical.

*Najmus Sakib in Dhaka contributed to this report.