Russia briefing, Jan. 22

-Gazprom receives permit for TurkStream’s second line

The Russian energy company Gazprom announced that it has received the necessary permits for the construction of the second line of the TurkStream natural gas pipeline in Turkish territorial waters.

In a written statement on Friday, Gazprom noted that over 760 kilometers of pipeline was laid in the Black Sea. The company also added that the land section of the project in Russia is almost complete with the commencement of construction of a natural gas receiving terminal in Turkey.

In the statement, it revealed that once permission is obtained from the Turkish government, the project’s two lines are planned for construction before the end of 2019.

-Russia's capital outflow increases by 58 percent in 2017

The Russian Central Bank announced that the capital outflow from the country rose by 58 percent year-on-year in 2016 to $31.3 billion from $19.8 billion.

The capital outflow from the country was mainly derived from the banking sector, with banks increasing their foreign assets during this period.

The Central Bank also announced that direct foreign investments in Russia in 2017 decreased by 25 percent compared to the previous year and fell to $23.2 billion. While the rationale behind this was not given, experts believe the main the reason is down to the expansion of U.S. sanctions against Russia. 

-Russia begins S-400 shipment to China

Russia was reported to have begun shipping S-400 missile defense systems to China as part of the agreement signed in 2014.

China is the first international buyer of S-400 systems, while the second international buyer is Turkey. Russia and Turkey signed an agreement for two S-400 systems in late December.